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[post_content] => In recent years, the term Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become commonly used, sparking both excitement and fear. Often portrayed as a potential villain in the narrative of privacy invasion. While these concerns persist, the potential for groundbreaking advancements in healthcare through AI cannot be overlooked. This article addresses the decision-making process of whether to protect AI innovations in healthcare through trade secrets or patents.
The AI healthcare landscape
The increasing demand for healthcare services has necessitated a shift towards proactive, long-term care management, with AI emerging as a potential solution. The AI healthcare market's valuation soared to $11 billion in 2021 and is projected to reach $187 billion by 2030, highlighting the significance of protection thereof.
Trade secret protection
One key avenue for protection of AI based inventions is by means of trade secrets. This allows companies to shield their confidential AI training methods and data from public disclosure. Trade secret protection is often better suited for safeguarding the source code, training dataset, and internal database structure of an AI system.
Unlike patents, trade secret protection is perpetual and lasts as long as the information remains confidential. However, once the information is disclosed or independently discovered, trade secret protection is forfeited.
Conditions for Trade Secret Protection
For information to qualify as a trade secret, it must meet three conditions:
- The information is not generally known or easily accessible to industry peers.
- The information holds commercial value due to its confidential nature.
- Measures are in place to ensure the information remains confidential.
Patent protection
In contrast to trade secrets, patent protection may be more fitting for aspects like the user interface and the intricate algorithms underlying the AI healthcare system. AI healthcare can be patented to protect the software, technology or the physical apparatus.
In order to be eligible for patent protection, AI healthcare must meet certain requirements, such as novelty, inventiveness, and susceptible to industrial methods. Furthermore, the claimed invention cannot merely recite abstract features. The invention must be sufficiently specifically described in the conclusions and specification so that the invention can be carried out based on it. It must also solve a technical problem.
Patenting options for AI healthcare inventions
AI healthcare inventions can be patent in three different manners, depending on the invention itself. The options are as follows:
Process Patent: Protects the method of using AI to accomplish specific tasks.System Patent: Protects the hardware and software components constituting the AI system.Device Patent: Protects the overall apparatus or machine, including AI software.
Conclusion
Choosing the right intellectual property (IP) strategy for AI in healthcare hinges on understanding the technology's nature, use, and control. Factors such as public-facing visibility, susceptibility to reverse engineering, and data sharing requirements influence the decision between trade secret and patent protection. Non-public facing technologies may be aptly protected as trade secrets. However, public-facing technologies may find better protection under the patent regime, especially when licensing or Software as a Service (SAAS) offerings are involved.
Hereby the Dutch version.
[post_title] => AI in Healthcare: choosing between trade secret and patent protection
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[post_content] => “Can AI invented inventions be patented?” This question is trending and has so far only been answered by the courts in the cases of Dabus (see blog). Until now there has not been any official guidelines to this answer yet. However, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (hereinafter ‘USPTO’) just did.
From 13 February 2024 the USPTO’s Inventorship Guidance for AI-Assisted Inventions (hereinafter ‘the guidance’) became effective. The guidance will apply to all United States patent applications filed on or after 13 February 2024. The guidance intents to provide a framework that guides the approach to be followed in evaluating whether an AI-created invention is eligible for patent protection.
What is the guidance?
To apply for a patent a human inventor needs to be listed as inventor. The guidance offers directions on how to assess whether a person's contribution to an innovation is significant enough to be regarded as inventor, especially when AI also played a role. It furthermore supports the integration of AI in innovation and emphasizes that inventions assisted by AI are not automatically disqualified from patent protection. The guidance also guides examiners in determining who the appropriate inventor(s) are in a patent or patent application for innovations created with the help of AI.
Guiding principles for AI inventions
In order to obtain patent protection for an invention which was co-created by AI, a person’s contribution to the invention needs to be significant. However, it can be challenging to determine whether a person's contribution is significant since there's no clear-cut test for it. To help applicants and USPTO personnel determine significant inventorship of a person, the following list of principles were provided:
- Use of an AI system by a natural person to create an AI-assisted invention does not negate their role as an inventor. The person can be listed as an inventor if they contribute significantly to the invention.
- Merely presenting a problem to an AI system may not make a person a proper inventor. However, significant contribution in constructing the prompt for a specific problem could establish inventorship.
- Merely appreciating the output of an AI system does not make a person an inventor. However, contributing significantly to the output to create an invention or conducting a successful experiment using the AI system's output may establish inventorship.
- Developing an essential building block for a claimed invention, even if not present in every activity leading to conception, may be considered a significant contribution. Designing, building, or training an AI system for a specific problem could also qualify as inventorship.
- Maintaining "intellectual domination" over an AI system alone does not make a person an inventor. Simply owning or overseeing an AI system without providing a significant contribution to the invention does not confer inventor status.
Relevance to practice
There is a lot of uncertainty going on regarding whether an invention may be patented where AI was used to create the invention. This result in a lot of inventions created by AI not being patent protected. These guidelines is the first step to providing clarity on patent protection of AI created inventions. Hopefully, this will provide an incentive in the form of patents to inventors using AI in their inventions.
Even though these guidelines are only applicable to the United States, it is already a first step in the right direction. This will hopefully also guide future decisions on patentability of AI created inventions in Europe.
The USPTO has organized a public webinar on 5 March 2024 from 1-2 p.m. ET and is also seeking public comments on the Guidance with a deadline of 13 May 2024.
Hereby the Dutch version.
[post_title] => Official guidance on patent protection for AI create inventions
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[post_content] => Receiving a letter from a patent holder alleging patent infringement may be very daunting. However, before jumping to submit to the requests of the patent holder it is important to confirm whether you are in fact infringing the patent. One such a manner to confirm, is to check whether the patent rights of the patent holder are exhausted.
Should the patent rights of the patent holder be exhausted, the patent holder has no further rights in terms of the patent. Accordingly, you can also not be sued for patent infringement or, alternatively, to pay a license fee to the patent holder. In this blog, we will explore what exhaustion of patent rights is, what it means for you, and the impact of a license on it.
What is exhaustion of patent rights?
This doctrine entails that once a patented article was first put in the market in an authorized manner, the rights of the patent holder are exhausted. Due to the exhaustion, the patent holder no longer has any right in terms of the article. The patent holder thus have no further control over the article. This doctrine is regulated in terms of Article 53 lid 5 of the Rijksoctrooiwet.
Being put in the market in an authorized manner constitutes that the patent holder himself, or a licensee of the patent holder, has put the article in the market. This needs to have occurred within the Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten or the European Union to exhaust the patent rights. Since the United Kingdom left the European Union, patent rights are not exhausted if the article was, for example, bought in the United Kingdom and then resold in the Netherlands. In such a case the rights are not exhausted and the patent holder may still sue for patent infringement.
What does exhaustion mean for third-parties?
The concept of exhaustion of rights is based on the principle that a patent holder has one opportunity to receive a reward for the patented article. Once that reward has been obtained, the patent holder cannot pursue third parties because he is, for example, of the opinion that his reward was not sufficient. Accordingly, should a third party purchase the article after being put in the market in an authorized manner, the third party is free to use or sell the article.
Can a license agreement prevent exhaustion of rights?
A license agreement cannot prevent exhaustion of rights of the patent holder. However, the license agreement may impose certain restrictions on the purchaser. These restrictions will need to be uphold in terms of contract law and not in terms of patent law.
For example, the license agreement may stipulate that the licensed article may not be re-sold by the purchaser. Should the article be re-sold, the patent holder may instigate proceedings based on breach of contract. However, the rights of the patent holder would still have been exhausted due to the purchase. Accordingly, the patent holder has no right to sue the purchaser for, for example, patent infringement.
Conclusion
Understanding the doctrine of exhaustion of patent rights is crucial for both patent holders and potential infringing parties. When patent rights are exhausted through the authorized sale of a patented article, the patent holder loses control over further legal claims related to that specific article. By comprehending the doctrine of exhaustion of rights, both patent holders and third parties can better assess their rights and obligations, enabling them to pursue a well-informed legal course.
If you have any questions regarding exhaustion of patent rights or any other inquiry related to patent law, please contact us!
Hereby the dutch version.
[post_title] => Exhaustion of patent rights: how it can be used in defense against patent infringement
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[post_content] => When applying for a patent for an invention, the inventor must be designated. Traditionally, the only inventor was a natural person and thus it was a no-brainer to designate such natural person as the inventor. However, with the progression of artificial intelligence (“AI”) and AI becoming more and more an essential tool in invention development, the question started to arise whether or not AI can be listed as the inventor. On the answer to this question the United Kingdom leaves no doubt - it’s a big, fat NO.
The deciding case - Background
In a recent UK case of Thaler v Comptroller, the focus was on two patent applications. The applicant thereof, Dr Stephen Thaler (“Thaler”), designated his AI machine called DABUS, as the autonomous inventor of the patented inventions. The patented inventions were, respectively, a food container and a warning light. Since the applicant was not the same as the inventor, Thaler had to indicate how he acquired the rights from DABUS to apply for the patent applications. To this he stated that by ownership of the machine he acquired the rights to the inventions.
Decision
In a first instance the patent applications were rejected based on two reasons. Firstly, AI cannot be regarded as a natural person as required in terms of the Patents Act. Secondly, mere ownership of a machine is not sufficient to acquire ownership of creations of the machine. Based on these reasons the patent applications have been deemed to be withdrawn.
Clearly not happy with this, Thaler appealed and eventually reached the Supreme Court. Here, the Supreme Court held that AI cannot be an inventor in a patent application. This decision follows in the footsteps of decisions of the European, US and Australian courts in corresponding cases of Thaler.
Reason for decision
In arriving to this decision, the Court considered three questions, namely:
- What is the scope and meaning of the term “inventor” as provided in the Patents Act?
- Was Thaler in fact the owner of any invention made by DABUS and thus entitled to apply for a patent in respect of it?
- Was it correct to hold that the applications should be withdrawn?
On the first question the Court held that in terms of the Act an inventor has to be a natural person. Thus, in absence of DABUS’s human nature DABUS could not be designated as inventor of the inventions described in the patent applications.
On the second question the Court held that the mere fact that Thaler is the owner of DABUS, does not entitle him to ownership of its creations. Therefore, Thaler was not the owner of the invention and, accordingly, had no right to apply for the patent applications.
On the third question, the Court held that the patent applications did not satisfy the formal requirements for a patent application since, for the reasoning above, no inventor or entitled applicant have been designated. Thus, the Court confirmed that it was indeed correct to withdraw the patent applications.
Effect of decision on research and development organizations
This decision will have a major effect on industries who heavily depend on patent applications, such as life sciences and pharmaceuticals. This decision confirms that inventions which were autonomously created with AI will not be entitled to patent protection, which possibly deprive these industries from substantial income. Accordingly, these industries will be forced to re-assess their approaches to integration of AI into their research and development phases.
In such re-assessment strategic measures must be implemented to ensure that AI will never be the autonomous inventor of any invention. To achieve this, human involvement alongside AI must be maintained throughout the development process of the invention. Collaboration between human inventors and AI technologies is crucial in order to designate a natural person as the inventor. Consequently, industries will be eligible to file patent applications for inventions where AI was used during the development thereof.
Hereby a Dutch version.
[post_title] => AI as the inventor in a patent? No.
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[post_content] => What a strange statement you might think. Doesn’t a patent grant the holder thereof an exclusive right to use the patented invention? This is unfortunately a misconception which often leads to infringement of third-party patents. To avoid such, I will address what the purpose of a patent is, how to avoid infringement and, alternatively, how to remedy it.
The right granted
A patent grants its holder a negative right. This means that it relates to “what not to do” instead of the “what to do”. The patent informs third-parties what they are not allowed to do, in order to avoid infringement. Should a third-party unauthorizedly use the invention claimed in the patent, the third-party will infringe on the patent. Accordingly, the patent holder may exercise its right to stop the third-party from further using the claimed invention.
At the same time, the patent does not inform the patent holder “what to do”. Even use of the invention exactly as claimed in the patent is not necessarily allowed for the patent holder. Such use of the patented invention may result in infringement on the patent of another.
The reason therefore is that patented inventions often elaborate on older patented products or processes. Essentially, a patent is granted for this elaboration. However, at its core the patented invention still contains features corresponding to the older patented product or process. Thus, by using the patented invention, the patent of the older product or process is infringed. This concept can easily be explained with the following example:
Party A has a patent for suitcase.
Party B later on obtains a patent for a suitcase having wheels.
Should party B use his patent he will also need to use a suitcase, for which party A has a patent. Thus, party B will necessarily need to infringe on the patent of part A in using his own patent. Therefore, even though party B may stop a third-party form making a suitcase with wheels, party A can stop party B from using his patent altogether. Accordingly, party B may not make a suitcase having wheels.
How to avoid infringement?
In order to avoid infringement, and incurring possible damages as a result thereof, a freedom-to-operate (“FTO”) investigation can be performed. FTO entails the ability to use an invention without infringing on the patent rights of third-parties. A FTO investigation provides an answer as to whether or not a specific invention will infringe on third-party patents. This answer determines whether the invention has FTO.
Conducting a FTO investigation allows for making strategic decisions prior to investing time and money into an invention. Depending on the outcome of the FTO, the decisions may include a potential redesign of the invention or obtaining a license in advance from the other patent holder.
How to remedy infringement?
Should a patent holder wish to use his patented invention, even though it infringes on the rights of another, there are some options available to remedy such infringement. The best option will ultimately depend on the situation at hand. However, here are two potential options to consider.
Firstly, the patent holder may request a license from the other patent holder. This license may take on various forms. Secondly, the patent holder may buy the patent from the other patent holder. Therewith, he is assured that there is no future risk of infringing that patent.
When in doubt?
As with any legal field, patent law has a lot of pit falls. To avoid such, it is always recommended to seek legal advice when in doubt. Should you have any doubt or questions, you are welcome to reach out to us.
[post_title] => Did you know that a patent does not grant you the right to use the invention?
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[post_date] => 2023-10-04 14:49:28
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[post_content] => Are you an essential or important entity operating in the sectors covered by the NIS2 directive? Or perhaps, more importantly, you're part of the supply chain servicing these crucial sectors? If so, you certainly can't afford to wait on NIS2 compliance. As an expert legal professional specialized in privacy, data, and information technology law, I want to emphasize the urgent need to proactively align with NIS2 requirements. Here's why you should act now, rather than later.
Complexity and time commitment towards NIS2 compliance
Firstly, understanding and implementing the exhaustive list of security measures, risk management protocols, and reporting guidelines specified in the NIS2 directive is by no means a one-day job. Moreover, these complex requirements often necessitate a tailored approach. This approach requires not just a deep understanding of the law, but also its nuanced application in a technology-driven environment.
Escalating costs of non-compliance
Secondly, failure to comply with NIS2 comes with stringent penalties. For essential entities, fines can be as high as €10 million or 2% of global annual turnover. Likewise, for important entities, the numbers aren't much smaller: up to €7 million or 1.4% of global annual turnover. Furthermore, non-compliance can lead to reputational damage and loss of customers—costs that are harder to quantify but are undeniably devastating.
Expertise and resource allocation
Thirdly, the NIS2 directive demands a high level of expertise in cybersecurity, data protection, and incident response. For many businesses, especially smaller ones, this level of expertise might not be readily available in-house. Therefore, collaborating with a legal professional can help bridge these gaps effectively and efficiently.
Benefits of early compliance with NIS2
Additionally, complying with NIS2 is not just about avoiding penalties; it’s an investment in your business’s long-term security and credibility. Indeed, early compliance boosts your organization's resilience, mitigates the impact of cyber incidents, and can even provide you with a competitive advantage. Specifically, the sooner you comply, the sooner you can demonstrate your commitment to cybersecurity to your customers and partners.
Practical Steps to Start Now
To clarify, here are the steps you should consider:
- Check your Organization's Status: Determine if you're directly or indirectly affected by NIS2.
- Perform a Risk Assessment: Consider what steps from Article 21 you can implement right away.
- Seek Expert Help: The sooner you begin the process, the less expensive and more manageable it will be.
What Next?
So, you've recognized the importance of NIS2 compliance; the question now is, how do you proceed? Many of these steps, including navigating through legal complexities, and aligning business processes with the directive, require specialized knowledge. To that end, our services are specifically tailored to help you achieve NIS2 compliance with minimum hassle and maximum efficacy.
Take Action Now
In conclusion, every moment you delay aligning with NIS2 is a missed opportunity to secure your business and strengthen your competitive edge. Without reservation, I recommend you contact us today. Let's put your organization on the path to robust cybersecurity, full compliance, and long-term business success.
Feel free to ask any questions or discuss your specific needs.
We are here to help you navigate the complex landscape of NIS2 compliance.
[post_title] => NIS2: Act Quickly for Compliance. How to Avoid Penalties and Reputation Damage
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[post_content] => Avrupa'da faaliyet gösteren bir Türk işletmecisi olarak, marka hakkının önemini anlamak hayati bir öneme sahiptir. Markalar, şirketinizin kimliğini oluşturur ve ürünlerinizi ve hizmetlerinizi izinsiz kullanıma karşı korur. Bu blogda, Avrupa'da büyümek isteyen Türk işletmeleri için Avrupa markasının kaydedilmesi ve korunmasının neden önemli olduğunu ele alacağız.
Avrupa'da marka hakkının önemi
Avrupa, Türk işletmeleri için sayısız fırsatlar sunan bir pazar. Avrupa'daki marka hakkı, markanızın ihlalinden korunmanızı sağlar ve rekabet avantajınızı garanti altına alır. Markanızı tescilleterek, özel haklar elde edebilir ve başkalarının izinsiz olarak markanızı kullanmasını engelleyebilirsiniz. Marka hakkı, ihlal durumunda tazminat talep etme imkanı da sunar. İşletme kimliğinizi korumak ve itibarınızı oluşturmak için güçlü bir araçtır.
Avrupa markasının kaydedilmesi
Avrupa markasının kaydedilmesi, markanızı korumak ve Avrupa pazarına genişletmek isteyen Türk işletmeleri için stratejik bir adımdır. Avrupa Marka ve Patent Ofisi (EUIPO), Avrupa Birliği'nde markaların kaydedilmesinden sorumludur. Markanızı EUIPO'ya kaydederek, Avrupa Birliği üye devletlerinde özel haklar elde edersiniz. Bu, ihlal eylemlerine karşı mücadele etmek ve markanızı savunmak için güçlü bir konum sağlar.
Avrupa markasının korunması
Marka haklarınızı Avrupa'da kaydetmek kadar korumak da önemlidir. Markanıza ve işletme itibarınıza zarar vermeyi önlemek için ihlal eylemlerine karşı proaktif bir şekilde hareket etmek önemlidir. Markanızın izinsiz kullanımı gibi olası ihlallere düzenli olarak gözetim altında olmanız gerekmektedir. Avrupa marka hakkı, dava açma ve tazminat talep etme gibi ihlal eylemleriyle hukuki adımlar atmanızı sağlayan mekanizmalar sunar.
Avrupa'daki marka hakkı, Türk işletmelerine markalarını koruma ve Avrupa'da iş büyütme konusunda güçlü bir koruma sağlar. Avrupa markasının kaydedilmesi ve korunmasıyla işletmeler, marka kimliklerini koruyabilir ve rekabet avantajlarını güçlendirebilirler. Marka hukuku alanında uzman olan BG.legal'den Mustafa Kahya ile iletişime geçerek profesyonel danışmanlık ve rehberlik alabilirsiniz.
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[post_content] => In the modern business world, innovation and creativity are key. Start-ups often drive these groundbreaking ideas, playing a vital role in economic growth and development. Safeguarding intellectual property is a crucial step for start-ups to secure their innovative ideas and maintain a competitive edge. In this blog, we will discuss the importance of intellectual property rights for start-ups, highlight different types of intellectual property rights, and shed light on the pitfalls that can arise if timely attention is not given to this matter.
The importance of intellectual property rights for start-ups
Protection of innovative ideas: Start-ups thrive on innovation and unique ideas. Protecting intellectual property rights enables start-ups to preserve their innovations and prevent others from using or exploiting them without permission. This helps them maintain their competitive advantage and build the value of their business.
Securing financial investments: Start-ups often require significant financial investments to bring their ideas to life. Investors are hesitant to invest in a start-up without adequate intellectual property protection. Having strong intellectual property rights increases the likelihood of funding and instills confidence in the value of the company.
Market monopoly: Intellectual property rights, such as patents, grant start-ups the exclusive right to use their inventions or technologies for a certain period. This allows start-ups to maintain a monopoly position in the market and prevent competitors from offering similar products or services. As a result, start-ups can expand their market share and ensure profitability.
Types of intellectual property rights
Patents: Patents protect inventions and technological innovations. They grant exclusive rights to the inventor, prohibiting others from commercially using, selling, or manufacturing the patented idea.
Trademarks: Trademarks identify and distinguish a start-up's products and services from those of competitors. They create brand recognition and value in the market. Registering a trademark provides exclusive rights to use the mark and prevents others from using the same or similar mark.
Design rights: Design rights are crucial for start-ups. They protect the unique design and appearance of products, ensuring others cannot copy or imitate them without permission. Registering a design grants exclusive rights, safeguarding the innovation and competitive position of start-ups in the market for aesthetically appealing products. This enables them to protect their creative designs and build their value.
Copyrights: Copyrights protect literary, artistic, and creative works such as books, music, software, films, and other creative expressions. They grant authors exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, perform, or make adaptations of their works.
Trade Secrets: Trade secrets refer to confidential information that holds value for a company and is not generally known. This can include trade secrets such as customer lists, manufacturing processes, or marketing strategies. Protecting trade secrets can be essential for maintaining a competitive advantage and ensuring the success of a start-up.
Pitfalls of ignoring intellectual property rights
Loss of competitive advantage: Failing to protect intellectual property rights can result in a loss of competitive advantage. Competitors can take advantage of a start-up's innovations and ideas, weakening its market position and limiting growth opportunities.
Legal disputes: Without proper intellectual property protection, start-ups may face legal disputes. They can be confronted with infringement claims from others alleging that the start-up has violated their intellectual property. This can lead to costly litigation, reputational damage, and even the loss of the right to use their own ideas.
Difficulties in attracting investors: Investors place significant value on the protection of intellectual property rights. If a start-up lacks a robust intellectual property policy, it can discourage investors from putting money into the company. The lack of investment can hinder the growth and development of the start-up.
Missed monetization opportunities: Failing to protect intellectual property rights can result in others benefiting from a start-up's efforts and investments.
Conclusion
The importance of intellectual property rights for start-ups cannot be overstated. By protecting innovative ideas and safeguarding financial investments, intellectual property rights provide start-ups with the opportunity to thrive in a competitive business environment. Obtaining patents, registering trademarks, monitoring copyrights, and protecting trade secrets enable start-ups to maintain their competitive advantage, avoid legal disputes, and seize monetization opportunities. It is crucial for start-ups to pay attention to intellectual property rights from the beginning to ensure their long-term success.
If you have any questions about intellectual property rights, how to protect them, or how to take action against others infringing on your rights, feel free to contact one of our specialists. They can inform you about the available options.
Click here for the Turkish version.
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[post_content] => Modern iş dünyasında her şey yenilik ve yaratıcılık üzerine kurulu. Girişimler genellikle bu devrim niteliğindeki fikirlerin arkasındaki itici güçtür, bu da ekonomik büyüme ve gelişmede önemli bir rol oynar. Fikri mülkiyeti korumak, yenilikçi fikirlerini garanti altına almak ve rekabet avantajını korumak için start-up girişimler için kritik bir adımdır. Bu blog yazısında start-up girişimler için fikri mülkiyet haklarının önemini ele alacak, çeşitli fikri mülkiyet hakları türlerini tanımlayacak ve zamanında buna uygun şekilde dikkat edilmezse ortaya çıkabilecek tehlikeleri aydınlatacağız.
Start-up girişimler için fikri mülkiyet haklarının önemi
Yenilikçi fikirlerin korunması: Girişimler yenilik ve benzersiz fikirler üzerine büyür. Fikri mülkiyet haklarını korumak, start-up girişimlerin yeniliklerini korumasına ve başkalarının izinsiz kullanmasını veya sömürmesini engellemesine olanak tanır. Bu, rekabet avantajlarını korumalarına ve işlerinin değerini artırmalarına yardımcı olur.
Finansal yatırımların güvence altına aınması: Start-up girişimler genellikle fikirlerini hayata geçirmek için önemli finansal yatırımlara ihtiyaç duyar. Yatırımcılar, yeterli fikri mülkiyet koruması olmayan bir girişime yatırım yapmaktan çekinir. Güçlü fikri mülkiyet haklarına sahip olmak, finansman olasılığını artırır ve yatırımcılara şirketin değerine olan güveni aşılar.
Pazar monopolü: Patentler gibi fikri mülkiyet hakları, start-up girişimlere belirli bir süre boyunca icatlarını veya teknolojilerini yalnızca kullanma hakkı verir. Bu, start-up girişimlerin pazarda monopolü pozisyonunu korumasını ve rakiplerin benzer ürünler veya hizmetler sunmasını engellemesini sağlar. Bu şekilde, start-up girişimler pazar paylarını genişletebilir ve karlılığı garanti altına alabilirler.
Fikri mülkiyet türleri
Patentler: Patentler, icatları ve teknolojik yenilikleri korur. İcadın sahibine, patentli fikrin ticari olarak kullanılmasını, satılmasını veya üretilmesini başkalarına yasaklama gibi özel haklar verir.
Markalar: Markalar, bir start-up girişimin ürünlerini ve hizmetlerini rakiplerinden ayırt eder. Pazarda marka tanınırlığı ve değeri yaratır. Bir markanın tescil edilmesi, markanın kullanımı konusunda özel haklar sağlar ve başkalarının aynı veya benzer markayı kullanmasını önler.
Tasarım hakları: Tasarım hakları, start-up girişimleri için hayati öneme sahiptir. Ürünlerin benzersiz tasarımını ve görünümünü korur, başkalarının izinsiz olarak kopyalamasını veya taklit etmesini engeller. Bir tasarımın tescil edilmesi, özel haklar sağlar ve start-up girişimlerini estetik açıdan çekici ürünler pazarında yenilik ve rekabet pozisyonunu güvence altına alır. Bu şekilde, yaratıcı tasarımlarını koruyabilir ve değerlerini artırabilirler.
Telif hakları: Telif hakları, kitaplar, müzik, yazılım, filmler ve diğer yaratıcı ifadeler gibi edebi, sanatsal ve yaratıcı eserleri korur. Hak sahibine, eserlerini çoğaltma, dağıtma, icra etme veya adapte etme gibi özel haklar verir.
Ticari sırlar: Ticari sırlar, bir şirket için değeri olan ve genel olarak bilinmeyen gizli bilgileri ifade eder. Bu, örneğin şirket sırları, müşteri listeleri, üretim süreçleri veya pazarlama stratejilerini içerebilir. Ticari sırların korunması, rekabet avantajını korumak ve start-up girişimin başarısını güvence altına almak için önemli olabilir.
Fikri mülkiyet haklarının ihmalinin tehlikeleri
Rekabet avantajının kaybı: Fikri mülkiyet haklarının korunmaması, rekabet avantajının kaybedilmesine neden olabilir. Rakipler, bir start-up girişimin yeniliklerinden ve fikirlerinden faydalanabilir, böylece start-up girişimin pazar konumu zayıflar ve büyüme fırsatları sınırlanır.
Hukuki anlaşmazlıklar: Doğru fikri mülkiyet koruması olmadan, start-up girişimleri hukuki anlaşmazlıklarla karşılaşabilir. Başkaları, start-up girişimin fikri mülkiyetlerini ihlal ettiğini iddia ederek ihlal davalarıyla karşılaşabilir. Bu, maliyetli yargı süreçlerine, itibar kaybına ve hatta kendi fikirlerini kullanma hakkını kaybetmelerine yol açabilir.
Yatırımcıların Çekilmesi zorlukları: Yatırımcılar fikri mülkiyet haklarının korunmasına büyük önem verirler. Bir start-up girişimin güçlü bir fikri mülkiyet politikası olmaması, yatırımcıların şirkete para yatırmakdan kaçınmasına neden olabilir. Yatırım eksikliği, start-up girişimin büyümesini ve gelişmesini engelleyebilir.
Monetizasyon fırsatlarının kaçırılması: Fikri mülkiyet haklarının korunmaması, başkalarının bir start-up girişimin çabalarından ve yatırımlarından faydalanmasına yol açabilir. Bu, start-up girişimin yeniliklerini ticarileştirme, lisans anlaşmaları yapma veya işbirlikleri oluşturma gibi önemli fırsatları kaçırmasına neden olabilir.
Sonuç
Start-up girişimleri için fikri mülkiyet haklarının önemi yeterince vurgulanamaz. Yenilikçi fikirleri korumak ve finansal yatırımları güvence altına almak, fikri mülkiyet hakları start-up girişimlere rekabetçi bir iş ortamında büyüme imkanı sunar. Patent almak, marka tescililetirmek, telif haklarını korumak ve ticari sırları korumak, start-up girişimlerin rekabet avantajını korumasına, hukuki anlaşmazlıklardan kaçınmasına ve monetizasyon fırsatlarını değerlendirmesine olanak sağlar. Başarılarını uzun vadede güvence altına almak için start-up girişimlerin başından itibaren fikri mülkiyet haklarına dikkat etmesi hayati önem taşır.
Fikri mülkiyet hakları, nasıl korunacağı veya haklarınıza ihlal edenlere nasıl müdahale edeceğiniz konusunda herhangi bir sorunuz varsa, lütfen uzmanlarımızdan biriyle iletişime geçmekten çekinmeyin. Size mevcut seçenekler hakkında bilgi verebilirler. Türkçe iletişim kurmak isterseniz Mustafa Kahya ile irtibata geçebilirsiniz.
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[post_content] => Günümüzde, Hollanda ve Avrupa Birliği'nde bir markanın önemi oldukça büyüktür. Bir marka, bir şirketin ya da üreticinin müşterilerine sunduğu ürün veya hizmetlerinin kalitesini ve benzersizliğini yansıtan bir semboldür. İyi bir marka, ürün veya hizmetlerin müşteriler tarafından hatırlanmasını ve tercih edilmesini kolaylaştırır. Ayrıca marka sahibine rekabet avantajı sağlar ve pazarlama faaliyetlerine yatırım yapmış olması nedeniyle ticari itibarını arttırır.
Bu nedenle, bir marka, bir şirket veya üretici için büyük bir değer taşır. Özellikle, Türkiye'deki bir şirket veya üretici için, Hollanda ve Avrupa Birliği'nde bir markaya sahip olmak, uluslararası arenada rekabet edebilme potansiyelini arttırır. Hollanda, ticaret ve yatırım için önemli bir merkezdir ve Avrupa Birliği içindeki en büyük ekonomilerden biridir. Bu nedenle, bir Hollanda markası, Türkiye'deki bir şirketin veya üreticinin uluslararası pazarda tanınmasına ve müşteri portföyünü genişletmesine yardımcı olabilir.
Bir marka, bir şirketin ya da üreticinin sunduğu ürün veya hizmetlerin tanımlayıcı sembolüdür. Bir marka, müşterilerin zihninde kalıcı bir etki bırakır ve marka sahibinin ürünlerinin veya hizmetlerinin kalitesini yansıtır. İşte bir markanın sağladığı faydalar:
- Müşteri Sadakati: İyi bir marka, müşterilerin ürüne veya hizmete olan güvenini arttırır. Müşteriler, marka sahibi şirketi veya üreticiyi tercih ederek, kaliteli ürünler ve hizmetler aldıklarını düşündükleri için tekrar tercih ederler.
- Rekabet Avantajı: Marka sahibi şirketler, markalarının rekabet avantajı sağlayan bir faktör olduğunu biliyorlar. İyi bir marka, rakipler arasında öne çıkarak, müşteri portföyünü arttırır ve yeni müşterilerin ilgisini çeker.
- Ticari İtibar: Bir marka, bir şirketin veya üreticinin ticari itibarını arttırır. İyi bir marka, müşterilerin zihinlerinde kalıcı bir etki bırakır ve şirketin ya da üreticinin kaliteli ürünler ve hizmetler sunduğu düşüncesi yaratır.
- Yatırım Getirisi: Markalar, bir şirketin veya üreticinin yatırım getirisini arttırır. İyi bir marka, şirketin veya üreticinin pazarlama faaliyetlerine yatırım yapmış olduğunun ve ticari itibarının yüksek olduğunun bir göstergesidir.
Bir markanın ticari bir isme göre avantajları:
- Hatırlanabilirlik: İyi bir marka, müşterilerin zihninde kolayca yer eder ve hatırlanır. Ticari isimler ise genellikle kuru ve unutulmaz olabilir.
- Benzersizlik: Bir marka, benzersiz bir semboldür ve sadece o marka ile özdeşleştirilir. Ticari isimler ise genellikle sektöre özgü olabilir ve diğer şirketler tarafından kullanılabilir.
- Rekabet Avantajı: Marka sahibi şirketler, markalarının rekabet avantajı sağlayan bir faktör olduğunu biliyorlar. Ticari isimler ise genellikle marka algısını yaratamazlar ve şirketlerin rekabet avantajı sağlamasına yardımcı olamazlar.
- Ticari Koruma: Markalar, ticari bir isme göre daha kolay korunabilir. Markaların tescili, yasal korumalarının sağlanması için önemlidir ve marka sahibi şirketler, tescilli bir markayı korumak için yasal haklara sahib olurlar.
BG.legal olarak,
marka tescili, marka danışmanlığı ve marka hukuku alanlarında hizmetler sunmaktayız. Hollanda ve Avrupa Birliği'nde marka tescili yaptırmak, bir şirketin ya da üreticinin markasının uluslararası düzeyde korunmasına yardımcı olur. Son olarak, marka hukuku alanında da müşterilerimize danışmanlık ve avukatlık hizmetleri sunarak, markalarının haklarının korunmasına yardımcı oluyoruz.
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[post_content] => In recent years, the term Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become commonly used, sparking both excitement and fear. Often portrayed as a potential villain in the narrative of privacy invasion. While these concerns persist, the potential for groundbreaking advancements in healthcare through AI cannot be overlooked. This article addresses the decision-making process of whether to protect AI innovations in healthcare through trade secrets or
patents.
The AI healthcare landscape
The increasing demand for healthcare services has necessitated a shift towards proactive, long-term care management, with AI emerging as a potential solution. The AI healthcare market's valuation soared to $11 billion in 2021 and is projected to reach $187 billion by 2030, highlighting the significance of protection thereof.
Trade secret protection
One key avenue for protection of AI based inventions is by means of
trade secrets. This allows companies to shield their confidential AI training methods and data from public disclosure. Trade secret protection is often better suited for safeguarding the source code, training dataset, and internal database structure of an AI system.
Unlike patents, trade secret protection is perpetual and lasts as long as the information remains confidential. However, once the information is disclosed or independently discovered, trade secret protection is forfeited.
Conditions for Trade Secret Protection
For information to qualify as a trade secret, it must meet three conditions:
- The information is not generally known or easily accessible to industry peers.
- The information holds commercial value due to its confidential nature.
- Measures are in place to ensure the information remains confidential.
Patent protection
In contrast to trade secrets, patent protection may be more fitting for aspects like the user interface and the intricate algorithms underlying the AI healthcare system. AI healthcare can be patented to protect the software, technology or the physical apparatus.
In order to be eligible for patent protection, AI healthcare must meet certain requirements, such as novelty, inventiveness, and susceptible to industrial methods. Furthermore, the claimed invention cannot merely recite abstract features. The invention must be sufficiently specifically described in the conclusions and specification so that the invention can be carried out based on it. It must also solve a technical problem.
Patenting options for AI healthcare inventions
AI healthcare inventions can be patent in three different manners, depending on the invention itself. The options are as follows:
Process Patent: Protects the method of using AI to accomplish specific tasks.System Patent: Protects the hardware and software components constituting the AI system.Device Patent: Protects the overall apparatus or machine, including AI software.
Conclusion
Choosing the right
intellectual property (IP) strategy for AI in healthcare hinges on understanding the technology's nature, use, and control. Factors such as public-facing visibility, susceptibility to reverse engineering, and data sharing requirements influence the decision between trade secret and patent protection. Non-public facing technologies may be aptly protected as trade secrets. However, public-facing technologies may find better protection under the patent regime, especially when licensing or Software as a Service (SAAS) offerings are involved.
Hereby the Dutch version.
[post_title] => AI in Healthcare: choosing between trade secret and patent protection
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[post_modified] => 2024-03-13 11:15:57
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